01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease and flour a 9-inch round or square cake pan, ensuring all surfaces are well-coated to prevent sticking.
02 - In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt until thoroughly blended. Set aside for later use.
03 - In a large bowl, beat softened butter and granulated sugar with electric mixer on medium-high speed until light and fluffy, approximately 3 minutes. The mixture should appear pale and increased in volume.
04 - Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition until fully incorporated. Mix in vanilla extract.
05 - Gradually add the dry ingredient mixture to the butter mixture, alternating with buttermilk in three additions. Begin and end with dry ingredients. Mix on low speed until just combined, taking care not to overmix as this can result in a dense texture.
06 - Toss chocolate chips with 2 tablespoons flour in a small bowl to coat evenly. Gently fold coated chips into the batter using a rubber spatula, distributing evenly throughout.
07 - Pour batter into prepared pan, spreading evenly with spatula. If desired, sprinkle coarse sugar or additional chocolate chips over the top for decoration.
08 - Bake for 35 to 40 minutes, or until a wooden toothpick inserted into the center emerges clean or with a few moist crumbs attached. The top should be golden brown and spring back lightly when touched.
09 - Allow cake to cool in pan for 10 minutes before carefully inverting onto a wire rack. Cool completely to room temperature, approximately 1 hour. Slice into wedges or squares and serve.