01 - Whisk together flour, baking soda, salt, ginger, cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg in a medium bowl.
02 - Beat the softened butter and brown sugar in a large bowl until light and fluffy. Incorporate the egg, followed by molasses and vanilla extract.
03 - Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet mixture, stirring until a dough forms. Divide into two discs, wrap in plastic, and refrigerate for at least 1 hour.
04 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Line baking sheets with parchment paper.
05 - Roll dough on a lightly floured surface to 1/4 inch thickness. Cut into shapes using cookie cutters.
06 - Place cookies on prepared sheets, spaced about 1 inch apart.
07 - Bake for 8 to 10 minutes until edges begin to brown. Cool on sheets for 5 minutes, then transfer to wire racks to cool completely.
08 - Beat egg white (or meringue powder mixture) with lemon juice until frothy. Gradually add powdered sugar, beating until smooth and glossy. Add food coloring if desired.
09 - Fill piping bags with icing, decorate cooled cookies, and allow icing to set before storing or serving.